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THE  LIBRARY 

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THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 


GIFT  OF 

Dr.-Ing 
Jaroslav  J.   Polivka 


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PHILADELPHIA 

PAST  AND  PRESENT 

Bein^  X'wenty-five    Dra^wings 

By  Herbert  Pxillin^er 


BOSTON 

LE  ROY  PHILLIPS 

PUBLISHER 


Copyright,  191S,  by  Herbert  Pullinger 


All  rights  reserved 


ENVIROK 
DESIGN 

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LIST   OF   CONTENTS 


I     OLD  CHRIST  CHURCH 
II     THE  STATE  HOUSE  —  INDEPENDENCE  HALL 

III  LOOKING     NORTH      ON      BROAD     STREET     FROM 

SPRUCE 

IV  BROAD  STREET  FROM  SOUTHERN  PLAZA  OF  CITY 

HALL 

V     LEAGUE  ISLAND 

VI     CRAMP'S  SHIPYARD  — KENSINGTON 

VII     COAL  BUNKERS  ON  THE  DELAWARE 

VIII     "CLIVEDEN"  — THE  CHEW  MANSION  IN 
GERMANTOWN 

IX  MIDVALE 

X  EAST  ON  MARKET  STREET  FROM  SIXTEENTH 

XI  BROAD  STREET  AND  SOUTH  PENN  SQUARE 

XII  THE  LITTLE  OLD  STUDIO  BUILDING 

XIII  THE  LITTLE  BANK  BUILDING 

XIV  CHESTNUT  STREET  WEST  FROM  ELEVENTH 
XV  WALNUT  STREET  EAST  FROM  FIFTEENTH 

XVI     BROAD  STREET  SOUTH  FROM  VINE 

XVII     SOUTH     PENN     SQUARE     FROM     BROAD     STREET 
STATION 

XVIII     BROAD  STREET  STATION 

XIX     THE  MORRIS-DESCHLER  HOUSE 

XX     THE  TUNNEL  AT  GIRARD  AVENUE  AND  THE  EAST 
RIVER  DRIVE 

XXI  THE  CONCRETE  ARCH  OVER  THE  WISSAHICKON 

XXII  GLORIA  DEI 

XXIII  PENN'S  COTTAGE 

XXIV  THE  FLAG  HOUSE 

XXV     DOCK    STREET    MARKET    AND    THE    OLD    STOCK 
EXCHANGE 


r.  500 


OLD    CHRIST    CHURCH 

TUCKED  QUIETLY  AWAY  IN  SECOND,  JUST 
NORTH  OF  BUSY  MARKET  STREET,  SUR- 
ROUNDED BY  OLD  TREES  AND  A  TINY  CHURCH- 
YARD, BENEATH  THE  FLAGS  OF  WHICH  REST 
MEMBERS  OF  MANY  PROMINENT  PHILADELPHIA 
FAMILIES,  STANDS  OLD  CHRIST  CHURCH, 
DATING  FROM  1 695,  UNDER  A  CHARTER  OF 
KING  CHARLES  THE  SECOND  TO  WILLIAM  PENN. 
IT  WAS  THE  FIRST  CHURCH  OF  ENGLAND  TO 
BE  BUILT  IN  THE  CITY  AND  FOR  MANY  YEARS 
THE  MOST  PROMINENT.  HERE  THE  COLONIAL 
GOVERNORS  HAD  THEIR  STATE  PEW,  WHICH 
WAS  LATER  TO  BE  USED  BY  SOME  OF  THE 
FIRST  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 
WASHINGTON  AND  ADAMS  ATTENDED  THIS 
CHURCH.  THE  BUILDING  IS  OF  BRICK, 
PURELY  COLONIAL  IN  STYLE.  THE  INTERIOR, 
WITH  ITS  BEAUTIFUL  WHITE  WOODWORK,  IS 
SIMPLE  AND  EXQUISITE.  IN  THE  CHURCH 
YARD  ARE  INTERRED  THE  REMAINS  OF  ROBERT 
MORRIS,  PEYTON  RANDOLPH,  SEVERAL  SIGNERS 
OF  THE  DECLARATION  OF  INDEPENDENCE, 
AND  MANY  OTHERS  PROMINENT  IN  THE  EARLY 
HISTORY  OF  PHILADELPHIA  AND  THE  NATION. 
OLD  CHRIST  CHURCH  FIGURES  PROMINENTLY 
IN  FICTION  too:  many  A  HERO  AND  HEROINE 
ARE  ASSOCIATED  WITH  IT. 


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II 

THE    STATE    HOUSE INDEPENDENCE    HALL 

IN  INDEPENDENCE  SQUARE,  WITH  OLD  TREES, 
LAWNS  AND  GARDENS  ALL  ABOUT  IT;  SUR- 
ROUNDED BY  MODERN  OFFICE  BUILDINGS  AND 
BUSINESS  HOUSES  OF  ALL  SORTS,  THE  OLD 
STATE  HOUSE  SEEMS  TO  REST  QUIETLY  AFTER 
ITS  PATRIOTIC  WORK.  THE  BUILDING,  A 
BEAUTIFUL  EXAMPLE  OF  COLONIAL  ARCHI- 
TECTURE, DESIGNED  BY  ANDREW  HAMILTON, 
WENT  THROUGH  A  SERIES  OF  REPAIRS  AND 
ALTERATIONS,  BUT  IN  RECENT  YEARS  WAS 
RESTORED  TO  ITS  ORIGINAL  STATE.  THE 
INTERIOR,  WITH  ITS  COOL  RED  BRICK  FLOOR- 
ING IN  THE  HALLWAY,  ITS  BEAUTIFUL  AND 
SIMPLE  WHITE  WOODWORK,  NOT  TO  SPEAK 
OF  THE  ORIGINAL  OLD  FURNITURE  AND  ROWS 
OF     PORTRAITS,     IS     ALTOGETHER     AGREEABLE 

AND  SATISFYING. 
IT  WAS  FROM    THE  FRONT    STEPS    OF    INDEPEN- 
DENCE     HALL     THAT      THE      DECLARATION     OF 
INDEPENDENCE     WAS     READ    TO    THE     ENTHU- 
SIASTIC PEOPLE  IN   1776. 


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Ill 

LOOKING  NORTH  ON  BROAD  STREET  FROM 

SPRUCE 

SOUTH  BROAD  STREET  FROM  SPRUCE  TO  THE 
CITY  HALL  WAS  AT  ONE  TIME  A  FASHIONABLE 
RESIDENTIAL  SECTION:  NOW  IT  IS  LINED 
WITH  A  ROW  OF  THE  MOST  BEAUTIFUL  BUILD- 
INGS TO  BE  SEEN  ANYWHERE  IN  THE  CITY! 
OFFICE  AND  NEWSPAPER  BUILDINGS,  MODERN 
HOTELS,  CLUBS,  THEATERS,  AND  FINE  SHOPS. 
TO  BE  SURE,  HERE  AND  THERE  ONE  CAN  STILL 
SEE  A  FEW  OLD  FOUR-STORY  DWELLING 
HOUSES;  BUT  THEY  ARE  FAST  GIVING  WAY 
TO  THE  MARCH  OF  PROGRESS.  A  HISTORIC 
SPOT    HERE    IS    THE    OLD    ACADEMY    OF    MUSIC. 


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IV 

BROAD    STREET    FROM    THE    SOUTHERN    PLAZA 
OF  CITY  HALL 

LOOKING  DOWN  BROAD  STREET  FROM  THE 
SOUTHERN  PLAZA  OF  THE  CITY  HALL,  ONE 
SEES,  A  SHORT  DISTANCE  BELOW,  THE  CORNERS 
OF  BROAD  AND  CHESTNUT  STREETS,  THE  CITy's 
BUSIEST  SECTION.  BIG  SKYSCRAPERS  LOOM 
UP  ON  ALL  SIDES,  ALMOST  OBSCURING  THE 
DIGNIFIED  LITTLE  GIRARD  TRUST  BUILDING; 
A  CHARMING  STRUCTURE  COPIED  AFTER  THE 
PANTHEON  IN  ROME.  THIS  IS  INDEED  THE 
THROBBING,  PULSING  HEART  OF  THE  CITY 
AS  PENN  HAD  PLANNED.  HERE  THE  TRAFFIC 
IS  HEAVY  AND  THE  STREAM  OF  PEOPLE 
CONTINUOUS. 


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V 

LEAGUE    ISLAND 

AWAY  OFF  TO  THE  SOUTHERN  END  OF  THE 
CITY,  ALONG  THE  DELAWARE  RIVER,  IS  THE 
NAVY  YARD,  WITH  OLD  FORT  MIFFLIN  A  SHORT 
DISTANCE  BELOW.  PHILADELPHIANS  CON- 
SIDER LEAGUE  ISLAND  THE  MOST  IMPORTANT, 
IF  NOT  THE  PRINCIPAL,  NAVAL  STATION  ON 
THE  COAST.  IT  IS  A  CONTINUAL  SOURCE  OF 
SATISFACTION  AND  PLEASURE  TO  THEM  AND 
THEIR  MANY  VISITORS.  ALMOST  ANY  TIME 
ONE  CAN  SEE,  LYING  IN  THE  BASIN,  A  LARGE 
NUMBER  OF  UNCLE  SAM's  FIGHTING  SHIPS, 
UPON  SOME  OF  WHICH  VISITORS  ARE  USUALLY 
WELCOME. 


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VI 

cramp's    shipyard,    KENSINGTON 

PENNSYLVANIA  WAS  ALWAYS  NOTED  FOR  HER 
SUPERIOR  SHIPS.  IN  THE  EARLY  DAYS  THERE 
WERE  SHIPYARDS  ALL  ALONG  THE  WATER- 
FRONT FROM  WHICH  MANY  FAMOUS  VESSELS 
WERE  launched;  notably  THE  FRIGATE 
UNITED  STATES,  THE  FASTEST  SHIP  IN  HER 
DAY.  cramp's  shipyard,  COVERING  ABOUT 
FIFTY  OR  SIXTY  ACRES  OF  GROUND,  AND 
FOUNDED  IN  1835,  IS  IN  KENSINGTON;  THE 
NORTHEASTERN  SECTION  OF  THE  CITY,  AND 
IS  SURROUNDED  BY  THE  LARGEST  MANUFAC- 
TURING DISTRICT  IN  THE  WORLD.  MANY  OF 
THE  nation's  MOST  POWERFUL  WAR  VESSELS 
HAVE  BEEN  BUILT  HERE,  AS  ALSO  SHIPS  FOR 
FOREIGN    GOVERNMENTS. 


VII 

COAL   BUNKERS   ON   THE    DELAWARE 

THOUGH  MODERN  AND  BUILT  OF  CONCRETE 
AND  STEEL,  THE  BIG  COAL  BUNKERS  AND 
PIERS  TO  BE  FOUND  IN  MANY  PLACES  ALONG 
THE  DELAWARE  ARE  YET  PICTURESQUE.  IT 
IS  INTERESTING  TO  WATCH  THE  BIG  IRON 
BUCKETS  DIP  CONTINUOUSLY  INTO  THE  DARK 
DEPTHS  OF  THE  BARGES  AND  CANAL  BOATS; 
FOR  IT  MUST  BE  REMEMBERED  THAT  PHILA- 
DELPHIA IS  ONE  OF  THE  GREATEST  WORK- 
SHOPS IN  THE  WORLD  AND  IT  CAN  EASILY  BE 
SEEN     HOW     MUCH     COAL     IT     MUST    TAKE     TO 

KEEP  HER  FURNACES  BUSY. 
MUCH  OF  THIS  COAL  COMES  FROM  THE  ANTHRA- 
CITE   REGIONS    OF    PENNSYLVANIA,    DOWN   THE 
OLD  LEHIGH   CANAL  TO    BRISTOL,  AND  THENCE 
DOWN  THE  DELAWARE. 


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VIII 

"  CLIVEDEN,"  THE  CHEW  MANSION  IN 
GERMANTOWN 

WELL  BACK  FROM  THE  OLD  GERMANTOWN 
ROAD,  SURROUNDED  BY  BIG  TREES,  WELL- 
KEPT  LAWNS  AND  GARDENS,  STANDS  "  CLIVE- 
DEN," THE  FORMER  HOME  OF  CHIEF-JUSTICE 
chew;  STYLED  "  THE  ABODE  OF  ELEGANCE, 
HOSPITALITY,  AND  EASE."  DATING  FROM 
1763,  THE  OLD  HOUSE  IS  IN  AN  EXCELLENT 
STATE  OF  PRESERVATION,  DESPITE  THE  MANY 
MARKS  OF  BATTLE  WHICH  MAY  STILL  BE  SEEN. 
IT  WAS  HERE  IN  1 777  THAT  THE  AMERICAN 
TROOPS,  IN  PURSUIT  OF  THE  RETREATING 
BRITISH,  WERE  SURPRISED,  AS  THEY  PASSED 
DOWN  THE  GERMANTOWN  ROAD,  BY  A  BRISK 
FIRE  FROM  THE  WINDOWS  OF  "  CLIVEDEN." 
THE  AMERICANS  GAVE  BATTLE  TO  THE  BRITISH 
WITHIN  THE  HOUSE  AND  IT  IS  THOUGHT  THAT, 
OWING  TO  THIS  DELAY,  THE  KING's  TROOPS 
WON  THE  BATTLE  OF  GERMANTOWN.  IN 
1779  THE  PLACE  WAS  SOLD  AND  REPURCHASED 
AGAIN  IN  1787  BY  MR.  CHEW.  MANY  PROMI- 
NENT PERSONS  HAVE  ENJOYED  THE  HOSPI- 
TALITY OF  "  CLIVEDEN."  IT  WAS  HERE  THAT 
LAFAYETTE  WAS  RECEIVED  DURING  HIS  VISIT 
TO  AMERICA  IN  I825.  THE  PLACE  IS  STILL 
IN  POSSESSION  OF  THE  CHEW  FAMILY. 


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IX 

MIDVALE 

OUT  AT  NICETOWN,  ON  THE  NORTHERN  EDGE 
OF  THE  CITY,  IS  THE  BIG  PLANT  OF  THE 
MIDVALE  STEEL  COMPANY,  WHICH  HAS  GROWN 
FROM  A  SMALL  FOUNDRY  TO  ONE  OF  THE 
BIGGEST  OF  INDEPENDENT  PLANTS.  MARVEL- 
OUS PLACES  THESE  STEEL  AND  IRON  MILLS ! 
IT  IS  INTERESTING  TO  WATCH  THE  GREAT 
CLOUDS  OF  COLORED  SMOKE  BURST  OUT;  AND 
THE  PUFFS  OF  WHITE  STEAM  WITH  THE  MANY 
COLORED  VAPOROUS  RIBBONS  TWISTING  THEM- 
SELVES ABOUT  THE  GREAT  STACKS  AS  THE 
CLOUDS  OF  SMOKE  DIE  AWAY.  IT  IS  INTER- 
ESTING, TOO,  TO  WATCH  THESE  BIG  PLANTS 
IN  THEIR  VARIOUS  MOODS,  WHEN  THE  SNOW 
COVERS  THE  ROOFS  OF  THE  BUILDINGS  AND 
WHEN  THE  RAIN  DEADENS  THE  FORCE  OF  THE 
SMOKE.  AT  NIGHT  THEY  ARE  WONDERFUL. 
IT  IS  HERE  AT  MIDVALE  THAT  MUCH  OF  THE 
ARMOR  PLATE  FOR  THE  BIG  WAR  VESSELS 
AND  MANY  OF  THE   BIG   GUNS  ARE   MADE. 


EAST    ON    MARKET    STREET    FROM    SIXTEENTH 

LOOKING  EAST  ON  MARKET  STREET  FROM 
SIXTEENTH  ONE  GETS  A  FINE  VIEW  OF  BROAD 
STREET  STATION,  WITH  THE  BEAUTIFUL  TOWER 
OF  CITY  HALL  LOOMING  UP  BEHIND  IT.  IT  IS 
A  LITTLE  HARD  JUST  NOW  TO  PICTURE  A 
STRING  OF  MULES  DRAWING  LINES  OF  CARS 
ALONG  MARKET  STREET  TO  THE  FREIGHT 
STATION,  UPON  THE  SITE  OF  WHICH  THE  BIG 
WANAMAKER  STORE  IS  NOW  STANDING,  AND 
THE  PRESENT  PENNSYLVANIA  RAILROAD  TER- 
MINAL, WITH  ITS  WONDERFUL  FACILITIES  FOR 
HANDLING    TRAFFIC. 


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XI 

broad  street  and  south  penn  square 

in  the  original  plan,  penn  laid  out  the 
big  square  in  the  center  of  the  city, 
penn's  square,  with  the  idea  of  keeping 
it  always  a  park,  as  a  sort  of  a  hub 
around  which  the  city  should  grow, 
the  city  hall  now  covers  the  entire 
square  like  a  huge  obstacle.  it  is 
obviously  in  the  way,  for  every  morning 
one  can  see  thousands  of  people  scurry- 
ing about  it  on  all  sides  and  through 
it  in  order  to  get  to  their  business, 
so  many  big  skyscrapers  have  been  built 
around  the  outer  edge  of  penn  square  in 
the  last  few  years  that,  before  long, 
the  city  hall  will  be  almost  obliterated 
from  view. 


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XII 

THE    LITTLE    OLD    STUDIO    BUILDING 

NESTLING  IN  AMONG  THE  MOST  MODERN  OF 
SKYSCRAPERS,  THIS  LITTLE  OLD  RED  BRICK 
BUILDING  IS  NEARLY  THE  LAST  OF  ITS  KIND. 
IN  EARLIER  TIMES,  WHEN  USED  AS  A  DWELL- 
ING HOUSE,  IT  SHELTERED  SOME  OF  PHILA- 
DELPHIA'S BEST  PEOPLE.  ONE  CAN  EASILY 
IMAGINE  ITS  ROOMS,  WHICH  HAVE  SINCE  BEEN 
CUT  UP  INTO  OFFICES,  RINGING  WITH  THE 
GOOD  CHEER  AND  HOSPITALITY  OF  ITS  HOST. 
FOR  MANY  YEARS  THE  TOP  FLOOR,  AS  MANY 
OTHER  TOP  FLOORS  IN  THE  VICINITY,  HAS 
BEEN  USED  FOR  STUDIO  PURPOSES. 


m- 


XIII 

the  little  bank  building 

right  down  at  the  foot  of  the  tallest 
and  newest  of  skyscrapers  this  beauti- 
ful little  building  of  the  third  national 
bank  stands,  very  much  content  with 
itself,  and  well  it  may  be,  for  it  is 
indeed  a  charming  bit  of  architecture, 
this  is  a  busy  corner,  with  broad  street 
station  opposite,  pouring  out  its  thou- 
sands, with  people  hurrying  past  and 
through  the  city  hall  court  yard  — 
Philadelphia's  short  cut  —  and  the 
heavy    traffic     which     is     continually 

PASSING. 


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XIV 

CHESTNUT  STREET  WEST  FROM  ELEVENTH 

HERE  IT  IS  THAT  ONE  SEES  ALL  PHILADELPHIA 
AT  THE  NOON  HOUR.  THE  IDEA  SEEMS  TO  BE 
TO  GET  A  BITE  TO  EAT  AND  THEN  WANDER 
DOWN  CHESTNUT  STREET.  BANKERS,  STE- 
NOGRAPHERS, CLERKS,  SHOP  GIRLS,  AND,  IN 
FACT,  EVERY  ONE  SEEMS  TO  TAKE  THE  AIR 
HERE  AT  THE  LUNCH  HOUR.  AND  AFTER  ALL 
PERHAPS  ONE  COULD  NOT  CHOOSE  A  BETTER 
PLACE,  FOR  IT  IS  A  MOST  INTERESTING  PROME- 
NADE  AND   ONE   OF  THE   CITy's   INSTITUTIONS. 


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XV 

WALNUT    STREET    EAST    FROM    FIFTEENTH 

NOT  LONG  AGO  THE  PHILADELPHIA  STOCK 
EXCHANGE  MOVED  FROM  ITS  QUAINT  OLD 
HOME  IN  THIRD  STREET  TO  ITS  PRESENT 
BUILDING  IN  WALNUT  STREET,  MANY  OF 
THE  BROKERS  MOVING  THEIR  OFFICES  UP 
TOWN   WITH   IT.       THE   TYPE   OF   THIS    SECTION 

IS  RAPIDLY  CHANGING. 
WALNUT     STREET     HERE     IS     NOTED     FOR     ITS 
EXCLUSIVE     SHOPS,    AND     A     LITTLE     FARTHER 
WEST  AS   THE    HOME   OF   THE    FOUR   HUNDRED. 


'..rU'-'^- 


XVI 

BROAD    STREET    SOUTH    FROM   VINE 

NORTH  BROAD  STREET,  IN  THE  VICINITY  OF 
THE  CITY  HALL,  HAS  ALWAYS  BEEN  OF  GREAT 
INTEREST  TO  PHILADELPHIANS.  YEARS  AGO 
THIS  STREET  WAS  A  PROMINENT  LANE  FOR 
THE  FARMERS,  AND  STRINGS  OF  WAGONS 
LINED  THE  ROAD  ON  CERTAIN  DAYS:  MILES 
OF  HAY  CARTS  CAME  TO  THE  HAY  MARKETS 
NEARBY.  GREAT  HORSE  BAZAARS  AND  RINGS 
WHERE  HORSES  AND  WAGONS  WERE  AUC- 
TIONED WERE  TO  BE  FOUND  FROM  VINE  STREET 
TO  THE  CITY  HALL.  THE  SMELL  OF  LEATHER 
FROM  THE  NUMEROUS  SADDLERY  SHOPS 
PERMEATED  THE  AIR.  BUT  THE  ADVENT  OF 
THE  MOTOR  CAR  HAS  CHANGED  ALL  THIS,  AND 
THE  ENTIRE  SECTION  IS  NOW  GIVEN  OVER 
TO  AUTOMOBILE  HOUSES,  OFFICE  BUILDINGS, 
AND  THEATERS.  AT  THE  CORNER  OF  CHERRY 
STREET  IS  THE  BUILDING  OF  THE  PENNSYL- 
VANIA ACADEMY  OF  FINE  ARTS,  THE  OLDEST 
ART  INSTITUTION  IN  THE  UNITED  STATES, 
FOUNDED  IN  1805  AND  CHARTERED  IN  THE 
FOLLOWING  YEAR.  THE  PRESENT  BUILDING 
WAS  DEDICATED  IN  1 876.  AROUND  THIS  OLD 
BUILDING  CLUSTER  MANY  CHERISHED  ASSO- 
CIATIONS OF  ART  AND  ARTISTS  THE   COUNTRY 

OVER. 


XVII 

SOUTH    PENN    SQUARE    FROM    BROAD    STREET 
STATION 

LOOKING  ACROSS  SOUTH  PENN  SQUARE  FROM 
BROAD  STREET  STATION  GIVES  ONE  A  MOST 
COMPLETE  VIEW,  IN  PERSPECTIVE,  OF  THE 
CENTER  OF  THE  CITY,  THE  BIG  BUILDINGS 
TOWER  INTO  THE  AIR  WITH  SMOKE  AND 
STEAM  TRAVELING  SKYWARDS,  AND  A  STEADY 
STREAM  OF  PEOPLE  AND  VEHICLES  IS  MOVING 
IN  ALL  DIRECTIONS.  ACTIVITY  IS  EVERY- 
WHERE, AS  IT  NATURALLY  SHOULD  BE  WHEN 
ONE  IS  LOOKING  AT  THE  HEART  OF  SOMETHING 
VERY  MUCH  ALIVE. 


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XVIII 

BROAD    STREET   STATION 

BROAD  STREET  STATION,  THE  PENNSYLVANIA 
RAILROAD  TERMINAL,  IS  ONE  OF  THE  MOST 
PICTURESQUE  AND  INTERESTING  BUILDINGS 
IN  THE  CITY  AND  WAS  CONSIDERED  UPON  ITS 
COMPLETION  THE  FINEST  RAILROAD  TERMI-.-x  . 
IN  THE  COUNTRY.  ITS  DARK  RED  HAS  MEL- 
LOWED WITH  THE  YEARS  AND  IT  IS  THE  ONE 
SPOT  OF  COLOR  IN  THE  WHOLE  SECTION. 
ARCHITECTS,  TO  BE  SURE,  ARE  NOT  VERY 
ENTHUSIASTIC  ABOUT  IT,  BUT  THE  RECENT 
TALK  OF  ITS  REMOVAL  BRINGS  GLOOM  TO 
THE  HEARTS  OF  MANY  PHILADELPHIANS  WHO 
LOVE  ITS  PICTURESQUE  BEAUTY.  IT  IS  AT 
THIS  POINT  THAT  THE  NEW  PARKWAY,  NOW 
UNDER  CONSTRUCTION,  WILL  START,  AND  FOR 
THIS  REASON  ITS  REMOVAL  IS  CONTEMPLATED. 


^ 


XIX 

THE    MORRIS-DESCHLER    HOUSE 

BUILT  IN  1772,  THE  MORRIS-DESCHLER  HOUSE 
IS  ANOTHER  FINE  EXAMPLE  OF  COLONIAL 
ARCHITECTURE.  THEY  REALLY  "  BUILT  " 
HOUSES  IN  THOSE  DAYS,  FOR  THE  OLD  BUILD- 
ING IS  AS  STURDY  AS  THE  DAY  IT  WAS  FIN- 
ISHED. DURING  THE  BATTLE  OF  GERMAN- 
TOWN,  SIR  WILLIAM  HOWE  HAD  THE  STENTON 
HOUSE  FOR  HIS  HEADQUARTERS;  BUT  AFTER 
THE  AMERICANS  HAD  RETREATED,  LEAVING 
HIM  MASTER  OF  THE  FIELD,  HE  MOVED  TO  THE 
MORRIS  HOUSE,  SO  AS  TO  BE  NEARER  THE  BASE 

OF  OPERATIONS. 
DURING  THE  YELLOW  FEVER  EPIDEMIC  IN 
PHILADELPHIA,  1793,  THE  HOUSE  WAS  RENTED 
BY  PRESIDENT  WASHINGTON  AND  WAS,  FOR  A 
TIME,  THE  WHITE  HOUSE,  WHILE  GERMAN- 
TOWN  WAS  THE  TEMPORARY  CAPITAL  OF  THE 
UNITED  STATES.  THE  OLD  HOUSE  OCCUPIES 
A  PROMINENT  PLACE  ON  THE  GERMANTOWN 
ROAD  OPPOSITE  THE  MARKET  SQUARE,  WHERE 
ONE  OF  THE  BLOODIEST  ACTIONS  OF  THE 
BATTLE    OF    GERMANTOWN    TOOK    PLACE. 


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XX 

THE    TUNNEL    AT    GIRARD    AVENUE    AND    THE 
EAST    RIVER   DRIVE 

PHILADELPHIA  IS  INDEED  HAPPY  IN  ITS  PLAY- 
GROUND, FAIRMOUNT  PARK.  THE  DRIVEWAYS 
ON  EITHER  SIDE  OF  THE  RIVER  ARE  INTER- 
ESTING PLACES.  HERE  ON  A  SUNDAY,  PAR- 
TICULARLY IN  THE  EAST  RIVER  DRIVE,  A 
STEADY  STREAM  OF  AUTOMOBILES  AND  OTHER 
VEHICLES  MOVES  IN  SLOW  PROCESSION,  WHILE 
ALL  THE  CITY  SEEMS  TO  BE  AFOOT.  ON 
REGATTA  DAYS  IT  IS  A  GAY  AND  HAPPY  SIGHT. 
THE  MACHINES  FOLLOW  THE  BOATS  UP  AND 
DOWN  THE  RIVER,  THE  OCCUPANTS  CHEERING 
THEIR  FAVORITES,  WHILE  THOUSANDS  WATCH 
THE  RACES  FROM  THE  SHORE  AND  NEARBY 
HILLSIDES.  MANY  BEAUTIFUL  BRIDGES  CROSS 
THE  SCHUYLKILL  IN  THE  PARK.  AT  GIRARD 
AVENUE,  "  THE  TUNNEL,"  CUT  FROM  SOLID 
ROCK,  MAKES  IT  POSSIBLE  FOR  THE  DRIVE  TO 
PROCEED. 


\ 


\ 


XXI 

THE  CONCRETE  ARCH  OVER  THE  WISSAHICKON 

IN  THE  NORTHERN  LIMITS  OF  FAIRMOUNT 
PARK  THIS  LOVELY  CONCRETE  ARCH,  ONE 
OF  THE  LARGEST  OF  ITS  KIND,  THROWS  ITS 
GRACEFUL  SPAN  ACROSS  THE  VALLEY  OF  THE 
WISSAHICKON.  THE  BEAUTIFUL  CREEK  FOL- 
LOWS THE  drive;  a  road  where  AUTOMO- 
BILES ARE  NOT  ALLOWED  AND  WHERE  ONE 
MAY  TRAVEL  ALONG  IN  PEACE,  FOR  MANY 
MILES.  HERE  THOUSANDS  RIDE  AND  DRIVE 
IN  QUIET,  AND  PEDESTRIANS  FIND  DELIGHT 
IN  THE  NATURAL  BEAUTY  OF  THIS  ROMANTIC 
AND  HISTORIC  VALLEY,  PURPOSELY  LEFT 
UNTOUCHED    BY    THE    PARK    COMMISSION. 


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GLORIA    DEI 

GLORIA    DEI THE    OLD    SWEDEs'  CHURCH  

WAS  BUILT  BY  THE  FIRST  SWEDISH  SETTLERS 
A  LITTLE  BELOW  WHAT  WAS  LATER  TO  BE 
PENn's  LOCATION  OF  PHILADELPHIA,  BUT 
NOW  STANDS  ALONG  THE  RIVER  FRONT  SUR- 
ROUNDED BY  WHARVES  AND  DOCKS,  FOUND- 
RIES AND  RAILWAYS.  IT  WAS  BUILT  IN 
1700,  UPON  THE  SITE  OF  THE  OLD  SWEDISH 
BLOCK  HOUSE,  WHICH  HAD  BEEN  ERECTED 
IN  1677.  IN  THE  BURYING  GROUND  SUR- 
ROUNDING THE  ANCIENT  EDIFICE  ARE  MANY 
WEATHER-BEATEN  STONES  MARKING  THE 
GRAVES  OF  THE  OLD  INHABITANTS.  ALEX- 
ANDER WILSON,  THE  FAMOUS  ORNITHOLOGIST 
AND  FRIEND  OF  AUDUBON,  IS  BURIED  HERE 
AS  HE  HOPED  HE  MIGHT  LIE  AMONG  THE  TREES 
WHERE    THE    BIRDS    WOULD    BE     EVER    NEAR. 


/ 


XXIII 

penn's  cottage 
penn's  cottage  stands  now  in  fairmount 

PARK  overlooking  THE  BEAUTIFUL  SCHUYL- 
KILL RIVER  WHERE  IT  WAS  REMOVED  SOME 
YEARS  AGO.  IT  STOOD  ORIGINALLY  ON  THE 
TRACT  OF  LAND  THAT  PENN  HAD  RESERVED 
FOR  HIS  DAUGHTER  LETITIA,  AT  SECOND  AND 
MARKET  STREETS.  THE  "  PROPRIETOR  "  EN- 
JOYED THIS  RESIDENCE  DURING  THE  PERIODS 
WHEN  BUSINESS  KEPT  HIM  IN  TOWN,  LIVING 
MOST  OF  HIS  TIME  ON  HIS  GREAT  ESTATE  AT 
PENNSBURY,  ON  THE  DELAWARE  RIVER.  THE 
LITTLE  HOUSE  WAS  FOR  A  TIME  THE  STATE 
HOUSE  OF  THE  PROVINCE.  IT  WAS  HERE  THAT 
THE  PROVINCIAL  COUNCIL  DELIBERATED  SOL- 
EMNLY UPON  SUBJECTS  CONNECTED  WITH  THE 
INTERESTS  OF  THE  INFANT  COLONY.  UPON 
penn's  last  visit  to  THE  CITY  HE  BROUGHT 
WITH  HIM  HIS  WIFE  AND  DAUGHTER,  AND, 
WHILE  IN  THE  CITY,  TRANSFERRED  THE  HOUSE 
AND  LOT  TO  LETITIA,  WHO  SHORTLY  AFTER- 
WARDS SOLD  IT.  IT  WAS  OCCUPIED  BY  DIVERS 
PERSONS,  AND  WAS  IN  TURN  MUSIC  HALL  AND 
INN.  IT  FELL  INTO  NEGLECT  AND  WAS 
FINALLY  RAISED  AND  MOVED  TO  ITS  PRESENT 
LOCATION. 


XXIV 

THE    FLAG    HOUSE 

LOCATED  ON  ARCH  STREET  DOWN  NEAR  THE 
RIVER,  WEDGED  IN  TIGHTLY  BETWEEN  BIG 
BUSINESS  HOUSES,  THIS  HISTORIC  LANDMARK 
IS  INDEED  NOT  MUCH  TO  LOOK  AT.  TIME  HAS 
HANDLED  IT  RATHER  BADLY  AND  ITS  EXTERIOR 
IS    MUCH   TWISTED    OUT   OF    SHAPE:     YET   THIS 

LITTLE  OLD  HOUSE  FAMED  THE  CONTINENT 

OVER WHERE   BETSY  ROSS  MADE  THE  FIRST 

AMERICAN       FLAG STILL      ATTRACTS       MANY 

VISITORS.  ONE  CAN  SEE  THE  TINY  ROOM  IN 
THE  REAR  OF  THE  COTTAGE  WHERE  WASHING- 
TON AND  HIS  STAFF  EXAMINED  THE  COUNTRY'S 
FIRST  FLAG.  BUT  THE  IMAGINATION  MUST 
PICTURE  THE  GARDENS  AND  ORCHARDS  WHICH 
SURROUNDED  IT  AS  WITH  MOST  PHILADELPHIA 
HOMES  IN  THOSE  DAYS,  AND  THE  SUNLIGHT 
STREAMING  THROUGH  THE  WINDOW,  NOW 
COMPLETELY     SHUT    OUT     BY    A     SOLID     BRICK 

WALL. 


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XXV 

DOCK    STREET    MARKET    AND    THE    OLD    STOCK 
EXCHANGE 

THIRD  STREET  IS  TO  PHILADELPHIA  WHAT 
WALL  STREET  IS  TO  NEW  YORK.  IT  WAS  FOR 
MANY  YEARS,  UNTIL  THE  EXCHANGE  MOVED 
UP  TOWN,  THE  HAUNT  OF  STOCK  BROKERS 
AND  FINANCIAL  MEN;  BUT  IS  NOW  BEING 
RAPIDLY  TAKEN  UP  BY  THE  INSURANCE 
INTERESTS.  THE  STOCK  EXCHANGE  OCCU- 
PIED FOR  MANY  YEARS  THE  STATELY  OLD 
BUILDING  SURROUNDED  BY  THIRD,  WALNUT, 
AND  DOCK  STREETS.  DOCK  STREET,  A  WIDE 
RAMBLING  THOROUGHFARE,  RUNNING  FROM 
THIRD  STREET  TO  THE  RIVER,  IS  LINED  WITH 
BIG  BONDED  WAREHOUSES,  WHOLESALE  FISH 
AND  PRODUCE  HOUSES  AND  MARKETS,  AND 
PRESENTS  ONE  OF  THE  BUSIEST  SIGHTS  TO 
BE    WITNESSED    IN    THE    CITY. 


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£1^  *?*■     ~-m-  .  / 


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